Map of the continents through geologic time

Sequence of five globes show positions of the continents and oceans in Permian (225 million years ago), Triassic (200 million years ago), Jurassic (135 million years ago), Cretaceous (65 million years ago), and present periods, as the single landmass of Pangaea broke up and the continents drifted apart.

Public Domain

U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey

"The break-up of the supercontinent Pangaea.". Illustration. In This Dynamic Earth: THe Story of Plate Tectonics, by W. Jacquelyne Kious and Robert I. Tilling. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, July 11, 2025. USGS. Accessed February 20, 2026.