U.S. territorial growth, 1850

California - as part of the Compromise of 1850, California was admitted to the Union as a free state. New Mexico and Utah - as part of the Compromise of 1850, the territories of New Mexico and Utah were organized without mention of slavery. Texas - after declaring its independence from Mexico in the 1830s, Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845.

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Public Domain

Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection, University of Texas at Austin

Gerlach, Arch C. and U.S. Geological Survey. Territorial Growth (1820) [map]. 1:34000000. In The National Atlas of the United States of America. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1970. Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection, University of Texas at Austin. Accessed February 20, 2026.